TY - JOUR
T1 - Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of elemental sulfur-derived sustainable sulfur quantum dots
AU - Priyadarshi, Ruchir
AU - Choi, Hyunjin
AU - Kim, Hail
AU - Han, Sanghee
AU - Riahi, Zohreh
AU - Tammina, Sai Kumar
AU - Rhim, Jong-whan
AU - Lee, Seok Geun
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
PY - 2024/5
Y1 - 2024/5
N2 - Sulfur quantum dots (SQDs) are attracting increasing attention in the biomedical field due to their unique properties, such as antibacterial activity, free radical scavenging potential, optical properties, biocompatibility, and non-toxicity. Ethylenediamine passivated SQDs (ED-SQDs) were synthesized using a hydrothermal method. Cytotoxicity evaluation of ED-SQDs on RAW264.7 cells showed more than 90% cell viability even at 500 μg/mL of ED-SQDs, with an established IC50 value of 880.9 μg/mL. In addition, ED-SQDs showed potent antioxidant activity in vitro, effectively scavenging ABTS and DPPH free radicals at concentrations below 100 μg/mL, comparable to ascorbic acid. ED-SQD reduced lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species in macrophages, lowered pro-inflammatory cytokines, and inactivated LPS-activated STAT3. In addition, ED-SQD increased nuclear NRF2 and the expression of genes encoding antioxidant enzymes in LPS-stimulated cells. These results reveal the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of ED-SQDs at non-toxic concentrations, providing evidence for their potential anti-inflammatory applications.
AB - Sulfur quantum dots (SQDs) are attracting increasing attention in the biomedical field due to their unique properties, such as antibacterial activity, free radical scavenging potential, optical properties, biocompatibility, and non-toxicity. Ethylenediamine passivated SQDs (ED-SQDs) were synthesized using a hydrothermal method. Cytotoxicity evaluation of ED-SQDs on RAW264.7 cells showed more than 90% cell viability even at 500 μg/mL of ED-SQDs, with an established IC50 value of 880.9 μg/mL. In addition, ED-SQDs showed potent antioxidant activity in vitro, effectively scavenging ABTS and DPPH free radicals at concentrations below 100 μg/mL, comparable to ascorbic acid. ED-SQD reduced lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species in macrophages, lowered pro-inflammatory cytokines, and inactivated LPS-activated STAT3. In addition, ED-SQD increased nuclear NRF2 and the expression of genes encoding antioxidant enzymes in LPS-stimulated cells. These results reveal the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of ED-SQDs at non-toxic concentrations, providing evidence for their potential anti-inflammatory applications.
KW - anti-inflammatory effect
KW - antioxidant activity
KW - biomedical applications
KW - ethylenediamine
KW - sulfur quantum dots
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85179310061&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/jbm.a.37655
DO - 10.1002/jbm.a.37655
M3 - Article
C2 - 38071731
AN - SCOPUS:85179310061
SN - 1549-3296
VL - 112
SP - 743
EP - 753
JO - Journal of Biomedical Materials Research - Part A
JF - Journal of Biomedical Materials Research - Part A
IS - 5
ER -