Comparison of mechanical reinforcement effects of surface-modified cellulose nanofibrils and carbon nanotubes in PLLA composites

Shuji Fujisawa; Tsuguyuki Saito; Satoshi Kimura; Tadahisa Iwata; Akira Isogai

doi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2013.10.021

Comparison of mechanical reinforcement effects of surface-modified cellulose nanofibrils and carbon nanotubes in PLLA composites

Shuji Fujisawa
, Tsuguyuki Saito
, Satoshi Kimura
, Tadahisa Iwata
, Akira Isogai

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

69 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Cellulose nanofibrils were prepared using 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidiniyl-1-oxyl (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation of wood cellulose, and the surfaces of the resulting TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils (TOCNs) were grafted with amine-terminated polyethylene glycol (PEG) chains via ionic bonds. PEG-TOCN/PLLA composite films were prepared by casting mixtures of various ratios of PEG-TOCN/chloroform dispersion and PLLA/chloroform solution. The mechanical reinforcement properties of PEG-TOCNs prepared using PEG-NH₂ of two different PEG chain lengths were evaluated using tensile tests and compared against those of PEG-grafted single-walled carbon nanotubes (PEG-SWCNT). PEG-TOCNs were individually dispersed in the PLLA matrix so that the Young's modulus increased with PEG-TOCN content, following theoretically predicted values. In contrast, the PEG-SWCNT formed aggregates in the PLLA matrix, probably owing to heterogeneous distribution of carboxyl groups. As a result, PEG-TOCN/PLLA composites showed superior properties to those of PEG-SWCNT/PLLA composites in terms of optical transparency, strength, and toughness.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	96-101
Number of pages	6
Journal	Composites Science and Technology
Volume	90
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2013.10.021
Publication status	Published - 10 Jan 2014

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This research was supported by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (Grant Numbers 21228007 , 23688020 , and 23-3027 ) from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) . We thank Yu Ogawa for SEM analysis.

Keywords

A. Carbon nanotubes
A. Nanocomposites
B. Interface
B. Mechanical properties

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10.1016/j.compscitech.2013.10.021

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title = "Comparison of mechanical reinforcement effects of surface-modified cellulose nanofibrils and carbon nanotubes in PLLA composites",

abstract = "Cellulose nanofibrils were prepared using 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidiniyl-1-oxyl (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation of wood cellulose, and the surfaces of the resulting TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils (TOCNs) were grafted with amine-terminated polyethylene glycol (PEG) chains via ionic bonds. PEG-TOCN/PLLA composite films were prepared by casting mixtures of various ratios of PEG-TOCN/chloroform dispersion and PLLA/chloroform solution. The mechanical reinforcement properties of PEG-TOCNs prepared using PEG-NH2 of two different PEG chain lengths were evaluated using tensile tests and compared against those of PEG-grafted single-walled carbon nanotubes (PEG-SWCNT). PEG-TOCNs were individually dispersed in the PLLA matrix so that the Young's modulus increased with PEG-TOCN content, following theoretically predicted values. In contrast, the PEG-SWCNT formed aggregates in the PLLA matrix, probably owing to heterogeneous distribution of carboxyl groups. As a result, PEG-TOCN/PLLA composites showed superior properties to those of PEG-SWCNT/PLLA composites in terms of optical transparency, strength, and toughness.",

keywords = "A. Carbon nanotubes, A. Nanocomposites, B. Interface, B. Mechanical properties",

author = "Shuji Fujisawa and Tsuguyuki Saito and Satoshi Kimura and Tadahisa Iwata and Akira Isogai",

note = "Funding Information: This research was supported by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (Grant Numbers 21228007 , 23688020 , and 23-3027 ) from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) . We thank Yu Ogawa for SEM analysis.",

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doi = "10.1016/j.compscitech.2013.10.021",

language = "English",

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T1 - Comparison of mechanical reinforcement effects of surface-modified cellulose nanofibrils and carbon nanotubes in PLLA composites

AU - Fujisawa, Shuji

AU - Saito, Tsuguyuki

AU - Kimura, Satoshi

AU - Iwata, Tadahisa

AU - Isogai, Akira

N1 - Funding Information: This research was supported by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (Grant Numbers 21228007 , 23688020 , and 23-3027 ) from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) . We thank Yu Ogawa for SEM analysis.

PY - 2014/1/10

Y1 - 2014/1/10

N2 - Cellulose nanofibrils were prepared using 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidiniyl-1-oxyl (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation of wood cellulose, and the surfaces of the resulting TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils (TOCNs) were grafted with amine-terminated polyethylene glycol (PEG) chains via ionic bonds. PEG-TOCN/PLLA composite films were prepared by casting mixtures of various ratios of PEG-TOCN/chloroform dispersion and PLLA/chloroform solution. The mechanical reinforcement properties of PEG-TOCNs prepared using PEG-NH2 of two different PEG chain lengths were evaluated using tensile tests and compared against those of PEG-grafted single-walled carbon nanotubes (PEG-SWCNT). PEG-TOCNs were individually dispersed in the PLLA matrix so that the Young's modulus increased with PEG-TOCN content, following theoretically predicted values. In contrast, the PEG-SWCNT formed aggregates in the PLLA matrix, probably owing to heterogeneous distribution of carboxyl groups. As a result, PEG-TOCN/PLLA composites showed superior properties to those of PEG-SWCNT/PLLA composites in terms of optical transparency, strength, and toughness.

AB - Cellulose nanofibrils were prepared using 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidiniyl-1-oxyl (TEMPO)-mediated oxidation of wood cellulose, and the surfaces of the resulting TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils (TOCNs) were grafted with amine-terminated polyethylene glycol (PEG) chains via ionic bonds. PEG-TOCN/PLLA composite films were prepared by casting mixtures of various ratios of PEG-TOCN/chloroform dispersion and PLLA/chloroform solution. The mechanical reinforcement properties of PEG-TOCNs prepared using PEG-NH2 of two different PEG chain lengths were evaluated using tensile tests and compared against those of PEG-grafted single-walled carbon nanotubes (PEG-SWCNT). PEG-TOCNs were individually dispersed in the PLLA matrix so that the Young's modulus increased with PEG-TOCN content, following theoretically predicted values. In contrast, the PEG-SWCNT formed aggregates in the PLLA matrix, probably owing to heterogeneous distribution of carboxyl groups. As a result, PEG-TOCN/PLLA composites showed superior properties to those of PEG-SWCNT/PLLA composites in terms of optical transparency, strength, and toughness.

KW - A. Carbon nanotubes

KW - A. Nanocomposites

KW - B. Interface

KW - B. Mechanical properties

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/84888415788

U2 - 10.1016/j.compscitech.2013.10.021

DO - 10.1016/j.compscitech.2013.10.021

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:84888415788

SN - 0266-3538

VL - 90

SP - 96

EP - 101

JO - Composites Science and Technology

JF - Composites Science and Technology

ER -

Comparison of mechanical reinforcement effects of surface-modified cellulose nanofibrils and carbon nanotubes in PLLA composites

Abstract

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Keywords

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