Consensus on the diagnosis of Cushing’s disease: a collaborative statement from the Korean Endocrine Society and Japan Endocrine Society

Cushing’s disease (CD) is a rare but serious endocrine disorder caused by excessive cortisol secretion due to adrenocorticotropic hormone–secreting pituitary tumors. Despite recent developments in diagnostic criteria and treatment options, CD remains associated with substantial comorbidities and mortality. Early and accurate diagnosis is thus essential. Both the Korean Endocrine Society (KES) and Japan Endocrine Society (JES) guidelines are intended to standardize diagnostic approaches to CD, and they share common principles; however, notable differences exist, particularly in biochemical testing thresholds and imaging recommendations. This consensus statement integrates clinical evidence and expert practice from both the KES and JES to establish harmonized recommendations for biochemical evaluation, imaging, and differential testing. This unified framework is intended to enhance diagnostic precision and improve clinical outcomes across East Asian populations.