Energy storage and ferroelectric properties of flexible 1-x(Na_0.5Bi_0.5TiO₃)-xBaTiO₃ thin films on Pt/mica substrates

We investigated the energy storage and ferroelectric properties of flexible 1-x(Na_0.5Bi_0.5TiO₃)-xBaTiO₃ (NBT) thin films with BaTiO₃ (BT) concentrations ranging from 0 to 6 mol% on Pt/mica substrates depending on the BT concentration. The NBT thin films exhibiting preferentially a-oriented crystallinity on the (111) Pt/mica substrates showed improved leakage current characteristics by increasing the BT concentration. In particular, the NBT thin films with zero BT concentration showed a high remanent polarization of about 28.4 μC/cm². On the other hand, the NBT thin films with a BT concentration of 6 mol% significantly reduced the remanent polarization to about 4.7 μC/cm² due to the characteristics of the relaxor. As a result, the NBT thin films with a BT concentration of 6 mol% showed a high energy storage efficiency of 89.5 % with a high recoverable energy storage density of 54.3 J/cm³ and a low loss energy density of 6.3 J/cm³.