Influence of the orientation of the magnetic field on the MHD unaligned isothermal flows

This study numerically explores 3D liquid-metal (LM) magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flows moving through a channel with dis-alignment subjected to a uniform magnetic field. The channel is composed of an upstream duct, a junction duct and a downstream duct. Considered are the cases with different orientations of external magnetic field. The results show that the maximum and minimum pressure drop are observed in cases with the external magnetic field perpendicular and parallel to the stream-wise direction in the junction duct, respectively. Higher velocities can be seen in the fluid region around the sharp edges of the two right-angle turning sections. Moreover, the inclined magnetic field yields complicated flow structures and electromagnetic characteristics of the aforementioned LM flows. In association with the needs for the minimization of the pressure drop for the optimal design of LM flow in a fusion blanket, the present study on the LM MHD flows in a channel with dis-alignment is performed, which may be helpful to the design of the flow through a fusion blanket.