Paenibacillus kyungheensis sp. Nov., isolated from flowers of magnolia

A Gram-staining-positive, catalase-positive, oxidase-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rodshaped bacterium designated strain DCY88^T, was isolated from flowers of magnolia. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison revealed that the strain formed a distinct lineage within the genus Paenibacillus that was closely related to Paenibacillus hordei RH-N24^T (97.8%). The other most closely related species were Paenibacillus illinoisensis NRRL NRS-1356T (94.3%), Paenibacillus hunanensis DSM 22170^T (94.2%), Paenibacillus peoriae DSM 8320^T (93.9%), Paenibacillus kribbensis Am49^T (93.8%) and the type species of the genus, Paenibacillus polymyxa ATCC 842^T (93.3%). Cells of the strain were endospore-forming and motile by peritrichous flagella. Strain DCY88^T formed pinkpigmented colonies on trypticase soy agar and R2A agar medium. Growth of strain DCY88^T occurs at temperatures 5–37 °C, at pH 4–9 and 0.5–5.5% NaCl (w/v). The menaquinone was MK-7.The cell wall peptidoglycan of strain DCY88^T contained meso-diaminopimelic acid. The major fatty acids were anteiso-C_15:0 (61.0%) and C_16:0 (11.0%). The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and an unidentified polar lipid. The strain DCY88^T contained spermidine as the major polyamine. The DNA G+C content was 51.6 mol%. The DNA–DNA hybridization relatedness between strain DCY88T and P. hordei RH-N24^T was 48±2%. The phenotypic, phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic results indicate that the strain DCY88^T represents a novel species of the genus Paenibacillus, for which the name Paenibacillus kyungheensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is DCY88^T (=JCM 19886^T=KCTC 33429^T).