Phytochemical Study on the Aerial Parts of Codonopsis lanceolata

Codonopsis lanceolata, which is predominantly found in Korea and East Asia, has attracted considerable scientific attention due to its long-standing use in traditional medicine. However, despite both its roots and stems being utilized as functional food and medicinal resources, there has been limited phytochemical investigation into its aerial parts. Therefore, the aim of this study is to isolate compounds present in the aerial parts of C. lanceolata. Through repeated chromatography, two alkaloids (1 and 2), seven flavones (3-9), and three isoflavones (10-12) and one type of phenylpropanoid (13) and polyacetylene (14) were isolated from a 70% ethanol extract of C. lanceolata. The structure of each compound was determined through the analysis of spectroscopic data (¹H and¹³C NMR), and by comparing them with previous research results. Among the isolates, the presence of methyl 2-formyl-5-(methoxymethyl)-1H-pyrrole-1-butanoate (1), chrysoeriol 5-O-β-Dglucopyranoside (3), apigenin-5-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (5), and 3′-O-methylorobol 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (12) were reported for the first time in plants belonging to the Campanula family in this study. In addition, the current study marked the isolation of luteolin 4′-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (4) from C. lanceolata for the first time.