TY - JOUR
T1 - Role of Ginsenosides in Browning of White Adipose Tissue to Combat Obesity
T2 - A Narrative Review on Molecular Mechanism
AU - Pu, Jianyu
AU - Akter, Reshmi
AU - Rupa, Esrat Jahan
AU - Awais, Muhammad
AU - Mathiyalagan, Ramya
AU - Han, Yaxi
AU - Kang, Jongpyo
AU - Yang, Deok Chun
AU - Kang, Se Chan
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)
PY - 2022/4
Y1 - 2022/4
N2 - Background and aims: Adipose tissue play an important role in the regulation of energy balance and homeostasis. Two main types of adipose tissue are found in mammals, white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT). WAT acts as energy storage in the form of triglycerides; excess WAT is a cause of overweight and obesity. Conversely, BAT works by dissipating energy as heat, which may facilitate the suppression of obesity and play a vital role in maintaining core body temperature. Recently a new type of adipocyte has been introduced: beige or brite adipocytes. This adipocyte has morphological and functional similarities to BAT but, developmentally, it is more closely related to WAT. In response to appropriate stimuli, WAT deposits can take on characteristics like BAT and act as beige or brite adipocyte, through a process called “browning.” Browning has become a promising therapeutic target for obesity due to its fat-burning potential. Methods: Searches were carried out using MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. The in vivo and in vitro mechanisms of ginsenosides related to beige adipocytes were also included. Results: In this review, we found a considerable number of articles suggesting that the anti-obesity action of ginsenosides might be related to WAT browning and discussed the possible mechanisms for this. Conclusion: Current evidence from the in vitro and in vivo studies strongly supports that ginsenosides may play a significant role in the browning of WAT. The browning effects of ginsenosides are associated with various signaling pathways, markers, and transcription factors. In conclusion, ginsenosides may help counteract obesity by promoting the browning of WAT.
AB - Background and aims: Adipose tissue play an important role in the regulation of energy balance and homeostasis. Two main types of adipose tissue are found in mammals, white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT). WAT acts as energy storage in the form of triglycerides; excess WAT is a cause of overweight and obesity. Conversely, BAT works by dissipating energy as heat, which may facilitate the suppression of obesity and play a vital role in maintaining core body temperature. Recently a new type of adipocyte has been introduced: beige or brite adipocytes. This adipocyte has morphological and functional similarities to BAT but, developmentally, it is more closely related to WAT. In response to appropriate stimuli, WAT deposits can take on characteristics like BAT and act as beige or brite adipocyte, through a process called “browning.” Browning has become a promising therapeutic target for obesity due to its fat-burning potential. Methods: Searches were carried out using MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. The in vivo and in vitro mechanisms of ginsenosides related to beige adipocytes were also included. Results: In this review, we found a considerable number of articles suggesting that the anti-obesity action of ginsenosides might be related to WAT browning and discussed the possible mechanisms for this. Conclusion: Current evidence from the in vitro and in vivo studies strongly supports that ginsenosides may play a significant role in the browning of WAT. The browning effects of ginsenosides are associated with various signaling pathways, markers, and transcription factors. In conclusion, ginsenosides may help counteract obesity by promoting the browning of WAT.
KW - Adipose tissue
KW - Browning
KW - Ginsenosides
KW - Obesity
KW - Uncoupling protein 1
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85121140312&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.arcmed.2021.11.003
DO - 10.1016/j.arcmed.2021.11.003
M3 - Review article
C2 - 34906389
AN - SCOPUS:85121140312
SN - 0188-4409
VL - 53
SP - 231
EP - 239
JO - Archives of Medical Research
JF - Archives of Medical Research
IS - 3
ER -
