Signal Modeling and Neuroimaging Applications of Perfusion MRI With Contrast Agent: Part 2 Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Method

Dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI is an advanced imaging technique that quantifies key vascular parameters such as blood flow, capillary permeability, and blood–brain barrier integrity through sequential imaging following contrast agent administration. This review explores the theoretical concepts of DCE-MRI, examines the signal events after the injection of a contrast agent, and compares six analytical models for signal interpretation. Furthermore, we introduce the clinical applications of DCE-MRI in various neurological diseases and recent advancements therein, including brain tumors, neurodegenerative diseases, vascular diseases, neuroinflammatory diseases, and traumatic brain injury.