Two new compounds from Apiospora xenocordella culture medium and their inhibitory effects on TNF-α-induced ROS generation and MMP-1 secretion

A new cytosporin derivative (1) and a new phenolic compound (2), together with cytosporin D (3), were isolated from an EtOAc extract of Apiospora xenocordella culture medium. The isolation workflow was guided by a Molecular Networking-based dereplication strategy. The chemical structures of the new compounds were determined by using MS and NMR spectroscopic techniques, and the absolute configurations were established by the modified Mosher's method and quantum chemical calculation of electronic circular dichroism. UV radiation activates pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, a major contributor to skin aging through ROS generation and MMP-1 secretion. Cytosporin D (3) exhibited the inhibition of TNF-α-induced ROS and MMP-1. UV radiation activates pro-inflammatory cytokines including TNF-α which is a major contributor to skin aging through reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) secretion. Cytosporin D (3) exhibited moderate inhibition against TNF-α-induced ROS and MMP-1. This compound docked computationally into the active site of MMP-1 (−5.9 kcal/mol). Compound 1, though not tested due to limited quantity, showed a docking simulation result (−6.0 kcal/mol) similar to cytosporin D (3), indicating potential activity.